Henry Thang Kip Mang
1945 kum ah Aung San nih Kawlram ah rianṭuan ding in an rak kir ah khan amah hi Maj. General an rak pek. Mah lio chan ah Aung San hi a sangbik a rak si. Lai holh le ca in kan ṭial a si ahcun bo 8 tinak a si.
1988 kum ah Saw Maung nih nawlngeihnak a rak lak ni thok in Kawlram ah a um ballo mi le vawileicung zong ah a um ballo mi sinak Senior General a lak. Cu cu bo 12 tinak a si. Saw Maung dih in Than Shwe kha Senior General cu an rak pek ve.
Ralkap cozah cu a tanglei bantukin sinak (Rank) i pek an si
1)Senior General = bo 12 (Senior General cu Saw Muang kha 1988 kum ah rak pek a si hmasabik.
2) Lt. Senior General = Bo 11 (2004 kum ah Maung Aye kha rak pek a si.)
3) General = Bo 10 (Ne Win hi kan Kawlram chung ah Bo 10 a hmu hmasabik a si)
4) Lt. General = Bo 9 (Smith Dun hi bo 9 a hmu hmasabik a si)
5) Maj. General = Bo 8 (Aung San hi bo 8 a hmu hmasabik a si)
6) Brigadier = Bo 7
7) Colonel = Bo 6
8) Lt. Colonel = Bo 5
9) Major = Bo 4
10) Captain = Bo 3
11) Lieutenant = Bo 2
12) Second Lieutenant = Bo 1
Bo khat in a cunglei cu Officer ti an si i, a tanglei pawl cu Non Commissioner Officer ti an si.
1) Warrant Officer Grade 1 = Sen 5
2) Regimental Sergeant Major/ Warrant Officer Grande 2 = Sen 4
3) Master of Sergeant/ Staff Sergeant = Sen 3 (Cathiam deuhmi an si)
4) Sergeant = Sen 3
5) Corporal = Sen 2
6) Lance corporal = Sen 1
7) Private = Sen ngei lo tiin ṭhen an si hna.
1948-1962 March ni 1 tiang Kawlram ah Democracy uknak in kan rak hman. 1947 kum ah khan Federal union in kan dirh lai ti mi cu U Nu nih Independent a lak in Unitary State ah an kan kal pi. Unitary timi cu miphun tamdeuh nih nawlngeihnak rak lak deuh khi a si. Milu rel in constituency tuah a si. Federal cu miphun in zoh i Federal cozah sin ah aa khat in thlahmi a si. Unitary ahcun miphun a hmemi caah sinak a um kho lo. Nawl an ngei kho lo. Milu tam nih namnehnak an ngeih hna. Atu kan Kawlram hi milu tamdeuh nih milu tlawmdeuh kha an kan uk i milu tlawmdeuh nih sinak kan ngeih lo hlei ah kan chim mi bia kaa khat hmanh kha an ngai duhlo.
1962-1974 karlak General Newin nih nawlngeihnak a lak in kan Kawlram cu Ralkap nawlngeihnak sal tang ah kan um dih hna. 1974 kum hnu in Burma Socialist Progressive Party a dirh i 1988 July thla tiang kha BSPP nih cun an rak uk i mah chung ahcun kan Kawlram cu a mui chin lengmang. Ṭhanchonak lam kal loin kan niam chin lengmang i kan ram Chinland cu sifakbik ramkulh kan si chin lengmang.
General Newin nih 1962 March 2 in nawlngeihnak a lak hnu in 1988 July thla BSPP an tlak hlan chung tiang ah Siangngakchia voi 3 a thah hna. Cu lengah Burma Student Union zung pi zong cu an hrawh dih. Kan Kawlram chung i a chuak mi thil vialte hi amah ta ah ser dih a timh. 1974 kum Constitution i Article 18-22 chung ah a ti mi cu, ‘ Kawlram chung vawlei tang in a chuak mi siseh, cunglei in hmuh khawhmi si hna seh a za tein rampi cozah ta a si dih i, amah ram chung ta vial te a si dih,’ tiah a rak thanh. Mah bantuk cun ramkulh (state) hna i an ram chung ah a chuak mi thil vialte cu a rak lak piak dih hna.— Pehṭhan ding. . .
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